Understanding the Fundamentals of Cell Culture Techniques

Updated: Apr 20

Cell culture in a cleanroom requires careful control of temperature, humidity, and particulate levels to maintain a sterile environment for cell growth and prevent contamination. Cleanrooms are designed to regulate these factors, ensuring optimal conditions for cell viability and preventing unwanted microorganism growth.

Cleanrooms for cell and gene therapy production typically maintain temperatures between 18°C and 25°C, but specific processes may require tighter controls.
Cell incubators within the cleanroom also play a crucial role in maintaining the appropriate temperature for cell growth, often around 37°C for mammalian cells, with precise control of CO2 levels (5-7%).
Maintaining a stable temperature is essential for cell viability and preventing damage or changes in cell behavior.

Humidity levels in cleanrooms are carefully controlled to prevent evaporation of sensitive materials, ensure cell integrity, and inhibit the growth of unwanted microorganisms.
Optimal humidity levels are typically between 30% and 60%, but this can vary depending on the specific cell therapy being produced.
Humidity control is crucial for maintaining the stability and functionality of cell cultures.

Cleanrooms utilize HEPA or ULPA filters to remove airborne particles, including dust, microbes, and other contaminants, ensuring a sterile environment.

Particulate monitoring systems are in place to detect any changes in particle counts, indicating potential issues with filtration or other cleanroom components.

Cleanrooms for cell and gene therapy applications also monitor and control other environmental parameters, such as microbial levels, endotoxins, mycoplasma, and proteins, to ensure consistent and reliable conditions.
Proper spacing of cell culture flasks in incubators is also important for ensuring proper gas exchange and maintaining temperae and humidity.